Prediction of binding miRNAs involved with immune genes to the SARS-CoV-2 by using sequence features extraction and One-class SVM

Abstract

The prediction of host human miRNA binding to the SARS-COV-2-CoV-2 RNA sequence is of particular interest. This biological process could lead to virus repression, serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, or as potential treatments for this disease. One source of concern is attempting to uncover the viral regions in which this binding could occur, as well as how these miRNAs binding could affect the SARS-COV-2 virus's processes. Using extracted sequence features from this base pairing, we predicted the relationships between miRNAs that interact with genes involved in immune function and bind to the SARS-COV-2 genome in their 5' UTR region. We compared two supervised models, SVM and Random Forest, with an unsupervised One-Class SVM. When the results of the confusion matrices were inspected, the results of the supervised models were misleading, resulting in a Type II error. However, with the latter model, we achieved an average accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 96.18%, and specificity of 78%. We hypothesize that studying the bind of miRNAs that affect immunological genes and bind to the SARS-COV-2 virus will lead to potential genetic therapies for fighting the disease or understanding how the immune system is affected when this type of viral infection occurs.