Determination of Recurrent Risk Factors in The Accident Rate of Companies in The Construction Sector in Peru

Abstract

The construction industry is characterized by high occupational risks and a significant number of accidents, due to the complexity and interrelation of the activities performed by its workers and the lack of commitment on the part of construction companies. This empirical study aims to identify the recurrent risk factors in construction companies in Peru, to lay the foundations for improving occupational safety and health in the industry. First, a systematic review of the literature was carried out and three main risk factors were identified: the human factor, the organizational factor, and the technical factor. Based on this, a survey was formulated among 387 workers in the Peruvian construction sector, taking the previously mentioned risk factors (exogenous variables) and occupational accidents (endogenous variable) as constructs. The data obtained was cleaned in SPSS and then processed and analyzed through the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique in SmartPLS4 software. The findings supported the risk factors determined, positioning the organizational factor as the one that has the greatest impact on occupational accidents. This research provides valuable information on the precarious safety situation in the construction industry to subsequently implement engineering methodologies and preventive measures.